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| − | {{license
| + | #REDIRECT [[License:GFDLv1.3]] |
| − | |Name=FDLv1.3
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| − | |URL= http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.txt
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| − | |Full text=
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| − | <pre>
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| − | GNU Free Documentation License
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| − | Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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| − | <http://fsf.org/>
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| − | Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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| − | of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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| − | | |
| − | 0. PREAMBLE
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| − | | |
| − | The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
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| − | functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
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| − | assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
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| − | with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
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| − | Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
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| − | to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
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| − | for modifications made by others.
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| − | | |
| − | This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
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| − | works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
| |
| − | complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
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| − | license designed for free software.
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| − | | |
| − | We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
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| − | software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
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| − | program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
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| − | software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
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| − | it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
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| − | whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
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| − | principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
| |
| − | | |
| − | This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
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| − | contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
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| − | distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
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| − | world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
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| − | work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
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| − | refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
| |
| − | licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
| |
| − | copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
| |
| − | under copyright law.
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| − | | |
| − | A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
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| − | Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
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| − | modifications and/or translated into another language.
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| − | | |
| − | A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
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| − | the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
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| − | publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
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| − | subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
| |
| − | directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
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| − | part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
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| − | any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
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| − | connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
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| − | commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
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| − | them.
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| − | | |
| − | The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
| |
| − | are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
| |
| − | that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
| |
| − | section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
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| − | allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
| |
| − | Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
| |
| − | Sections then there are none.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
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| − | as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
| |
| − | the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
| |
| − | be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
| |
| − | | |
| − | A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
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| − | represented in a format whose specification is available to the
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| − | general public, that is suitable for revising the document
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| − | straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
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| − | pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
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| − | drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
| |
| − | for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
| |
| − | to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
| |
| − | format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
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| − | or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
| |
| − | An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
| |
| − | of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
| |
| − | | |
| − | Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
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| − | ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
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| − | or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
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| − | HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
| |
| − | transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
| |
| − | include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
| |
| − | proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
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| − | processing tools are not generally available, and the
| |
| − | machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
| |
| − | processors for output purposes only.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
| |
| − | plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
| |
| − | this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
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| − | formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
| |
| − | the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
| |
| − | preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies of
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| − | the Document to the public.
| |
| − | | |
| − | A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
| |
| − | title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
| |
| − | text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
| |
| − | specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
| |
| − | "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
| |
| − | of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
| |
| − | section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
| |
| − | states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
| |
| − | Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
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| − | License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
| |
| − | implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
| |
| − | no effect on the meaning of this License.
| |
| − | | |
| − | 2. VERBATIM COPYING
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
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| − | commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
| |
| − | copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
| |
| − | to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no
| |
| − | other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
| |
| − | technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
| |
| − | copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
| |
| − | compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
| |
| − | number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
| |
| − | you may publicly display copies.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
| |
| − | | |
| − | If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
| |
| − | printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
| |
| − | Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
| |
| − | copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
| |
| − | Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
| |
| − | the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
| |
| − | you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
| |
| − | the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
| |
| − | visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
| |
| − | Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
| |
| − | the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
| |
| − | as verbatim copying in other respects.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
| |
| − | legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
| |
| − | reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
| |
| − | pages.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
| |
| − | more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
| |
| − | copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
| |
| − | a computer-network location from which the general network-using
| |
| − | public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
| |
| − | a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
| |
| − | If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
| |
| − | when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
| |
| − | that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
| |
| − | location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
| |
| − | Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
| |
| − | edition to the public.
| |
| − | | |
| − | It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
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| − | Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
| |
| − | give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
| |
| − | Document.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 4. MODIFICATIONS
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
| |
| − | the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
| |
| − | the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
| |
| − | Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
| |
| − | and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
| |
| − | of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
| |
| − | | |
| − | A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
| |
| − | from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
| |
| − | (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
| |
| − | of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
| |
| − | if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
| |
| − | B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
| |
| − | responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
| |
| − | Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
| |
| − | Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
| |
| − | unless they release you from this requirement.
| |
| − | C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
| |
| − | Modified Version, as the publisher.
| |
| − | D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
| |
| − | E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
| |
| − | adjacent to the other copyright notices.
| |
| − | F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
| |
| − | giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
| |
| − | terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
| |
| − | G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
| |
| − | and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
| |
| − | H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
| |
| − | I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
| |
| − | to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
| |
| − | publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
| |
| − | there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
| |
| − | stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
| |
| − | given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
| |
| − | Version as stated in the previous sentence.
| |
| − | J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
| |
| − | public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
| |
| − | the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
| |
| − | it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
| |
| − | You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
| |
| − | least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
| |
| − | publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
| |
| − | K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
| |
| − | Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
| |
| − | the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
| |
| − | and/or dedications given therein.
| |
| − | L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
| |
| − | unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
| |
| − | or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
| |
| − | M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
| |
| − | may not be included in the Modified Version.
| |
| − | N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
| |
| − | or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
| |
| − | O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
| |
| − | appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
| |
| − | copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
| |
| − | of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
| |
| − | list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
| |
| − | These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
| |
| − | nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
| |
| − | parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
| |
| − | been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
| |
| − | standard.
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
| |
| − | passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
| |
| − | of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
| |
| − | Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
| |
| − | through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
| |
| − | includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
| |
| − | by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
| |
| − | you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
| |
| − | permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
| |
| − | give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
| |
| − | imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
| |
| − | License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
| |
| − | versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
| |
| − | Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
| |
| − | list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
| |
| − | license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
| |
| − | multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
| |
| − | copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
| |
| − | different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
| |
| − | adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
| |
| − | author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
| |
| − | Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
| |
| − | Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
| |
| − | | |
| − | In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
| |
| − | in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
| |
| − | "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
| |
| − | and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
| |
| − | Entitled "Endorsements".
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
| |
| − | documents released under this License, and replace the individual
| |
| − | copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
| |
| − | that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules
| |
| − | of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
| |
| − | other respects.
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
| |
| − | distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
| |
| − | copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
| |
| − | License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
| |
| − | document.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
| |
| − | | |
| − | A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
| |
| − | and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
| |
| − | distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
| |
| − | resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
| |
| − | of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
| |
| − | When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
| |
| − | apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
| |
| − | derivative works of the Document.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
| |
| − | copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
| |
| − | the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
| |
| − | covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
| |
| − | electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
| |
| − | Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
| |
| − | aggregate.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 8. TRANSLATION
| |
| − | | |
| − | Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
| |
| − | distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
| |
| − | Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
| |
| − | permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
| |
| − | translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
| |
| − | original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
| |
| − | translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
| |
| − | Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
| |
| − | the original English version of this License and the original versions
| |
| − | of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
| |
| − | the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
| |
| − | or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
| |
| − | "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
| |
| − | its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
| |
| − | title.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 9. TERMINATION
| |
| − | | |
| − | You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
| |
| − | except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
| |
| − | otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
| |
| − | will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
| |
| − | | |
| − | However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
| |
| − | from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
| |
| − | unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
| |
| − | terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
| |
| − | fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
| |
| − | 60 days after the cessation.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
| |
| − | reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
| |
| − | violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
| |
| − | received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
| |
| − | copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
| |
| − | your receipt of the notice.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
| |
| − | licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
| |
| − | this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
| |
| − | reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
| |
| − | not give you any rights to use it.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
| |
| − | | |
| − | The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
| |
| − | GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
| |
| − | will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
| |
| − | detail to address new problems or concerns. See
| |
| − | http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
| |
| − | | |
| − | Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
| |
| − | If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
| |
| − | License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
| |
| − | following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
| |
| − | of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
| |
| − | Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
| |
| − | number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
| |
| − | as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
| |
| − | specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
| |
| − | License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
| |
| − | version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
| |
| − | Document.
| |
| − | | |
| − | 11. RELICENSING
| |
| − | | |
| − | "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
| |
| − | World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
| |
| − | provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A
| |
| − | public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
| |
| − | "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site
| |
| − | means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
| |
| − | | |
| − | "CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
| |
| − | license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
| |
| − | corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
| |
| − | California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
| |
| − | published by that same organization.
| |
| − | | |
| − | "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in
| |
| − | part, as part of another Document.
| |
| − | | |
| − | An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
| |
| − | License, and if all works that were first published under this License
| |
| − | somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or
| |
| − | in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and
| |
| − | (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
| |
| − | | |
| − | The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
| |
| − | under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
| |
| − | provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
| |
| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
| |
| − | | |
| − | To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
| |
| − | the License in the document and put the following copyright and
| |
| − | license notices just after the title page:
| |
| − | | |
| − | Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
| |
| − | Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
| |
| − | under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
| |
| − | or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
| |
| − | with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
| |
| − | A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
| |
| − | Free Documentation License".
| |
| − | | |
| − | If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
| |
| − | replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
| |
| − | | |
| − | with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
| |
| − | Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
| |
| − | combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
| |
| − | situation.
| |
| − | | |
| − | If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
| |
| − | recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
| |
| − | free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
| |
| − | to permit their use in free software.
| |
| − | | |
| − | </pre>
| |
| − | }}
| |
